Authors: Davide De Francesco, Jonathan D. Reiss, Jacquelyn Roger, Alice S. Tang, Alan L. Chang, Martin Becker, Thanaphong Phongpreecha, Camilo Espinosa, Susanna Morin, Eloïse Berson, Melan Thuraiappah, Brian L. Le, Neal G. Ravindra, Seyedeh Neelufar Payrovnaziri, Samson Mataraso, Yeasul Kim, Lei Xue, Melissa G. Rosenstein, Tomiko Oskotsky, Ivana Marić, Brice Gaudilliere, Brendan Carvalho, Brian T. Bateman, Martin S. Angst, Lawrence S. Prince, Yair J. Blumenfeld, William E Benitz, Janene H. Fuerch, Gary M. Shaw, Karl G. Sylvester, David K. Stevenson, Marina Sirota, Nima Aghaeepour
Summary: While prematurity is the single largest cause of death in children under 5 years of age, the current definition of prematurity, based on gestational age, lacks the precision needed for guiding care decisions. Here we propose a longitudinal risk assessment for adverse neonatal outcomes in newborns based on a deep learning model that uses electronic health records (EHRs) to predict a wide range of outcomes over a period starting shortly after the time of conception and ending months after birth. By linking the EHRs of the Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital and the Stanford Healthcare Adult Hospital, we developed a cohort of 22,104 mother-newborn dyads delivered between 2014 and 2018. Maternal and newborn EHRs were extracted and used to train a multi-input multi-task deep learning model, featuring a long short-term memory neural network, to predict 24 different neonatal outcomes. An additional cohort of 10,250 mother-newborn dyads delivered at the same Stanford Hospitals from 2019 to September 2020 was used to independently validate the model. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve at delivery exceeded 0.9 for ten of the 24 neonatal outcomes considered and were between 0.8 and 0.9 for seven additional outcomes. Moreover, comprehensive association analysis identified multiple known and new associations between various maternal and neonatal features and specific neonatal outcomes. To date, this is the largest study utilizing linked EHRs from mother-newborn dyads and would serve as an important resource for the investigation and prediction of neonatal outcomes. An interactive website is available for independent investigators to leverage this unique dataset: https://maternal-child-health-associations.shinyapps.io/shiny_app/.
Download the R code here: R code